Analisis Risiko Lingkungan Fisik Rumah dan Kebiasaan Merokok terhadap Kasus Pneumonia pada Balita di Pamekasan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30736/7ijev.v7iss1.514Abstract
Pneumonia adalah infeksi pada paru-paru yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Streptococcus pneumonia yang menginfeksi saluran pernapasan bagian atas orang dewasa dan anak-anak. Kasus tertinggi pneumonia balita terjadi di Kabupaten Pamekasan yaitu terdapat di Puskesmas Sopa’ah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor risiko lingkungan fisik rumah dan kebiasaan merokok terhadap kejadian pneumonia pada balita di Puskesmas Sopa’ah. Desain penelitian menggunakan observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cohort. Sampel penelitian dibagi menjadi 2 (dua), yaitu 50 balita yang sakit dan 24 balita yang sudah sembuh. Penentuan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrument penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuesioner, lembar observasi, lux meter dan sound level meter. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dan analisis bivariate dengan menggunakan uji chi-square dan Relative Risk (RR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usia, jenis kelamin dan suhu tidak berpengaruh terhadap kejadian pneumonia pada balita. Kepadatan hunian berpengaruh terhadap kejadian pneumonia pada balita (p=0,032 RR=1,431), ventilasi berpengaruh terhadap kejadian pneumonia pada balita (p=0,021 RR=1,479), pencahayaan berpengaruh terhadap kejadian pneumonia pada balita (p=0,032 RR=1,421), kelembaban berpengaruh terhadap kejadian pneumonia pada balita (p=0,031 RR=1,449), dan kebiasaan merokok berpengaruh terhadap kejadian pneumonia pada balita (p=0,017 RR=2,008). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor yang paling berisiko terhadap kejadian pneumonia pada balita yaitu kebiasaan merokok anggota keluarga dengan nilai relative risk (RR) 2,008.
Kata kunci: Pneumonia, Lingkungan Fisik Rumah, Kebiasaan MerokokDownloads
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