Optimasi Waktu Maserasi pada Ekstraksi Flavonoid dari Limbah Kulit Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantiifolia)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30736/jev.v10i1.955Keywords:
limbah kulit jeruk, flavonoid total, waktu maserasiAbstract
Limbah kulit jeruk berpotensi mencemari lingkungan apabila tidak dikelola dengan baik, namun mengandung senyawa bioaktif berupa flavonoid yang bernilai guna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kadar flavonoid total ekstrak kulit jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) serta mengkaji pengaruh waktu maserasi terhadap hasil ekstraksi. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut metetanol pada variasi waktu 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, dan 72 jam. Penetapan kadar flavonoid total dilakukan dengan metode kalorimetri aluminium klorida (AlCl₃) menggunakan kuersetin sebagai standar, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometer UV–Vis pada panjang gelombang maksimum 410 nm. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kadar flavonoid meningkat hingga mencapai nilai optimum pada 24 jam sebesar 5,13 mg QE/g, kemudian menurun pada waktu maserasi yang lebih lama. Penurunan tersebut menunjukkan adanya pengaruh mekanisme difusi pada tahap awal ekstraksi dan degradasi senyawa akibat waktu kontak yang terlalu panjang. Dengan demikian, waktu optimum untuk ekstraksi flavonoid total dari kulit jeruk nipis adalah 24 jam.
Kata Kunci : Limbah kulit jeruk; flavonoid total; waktu maserasi
Downloads
References
1. C. S. E. Kandouw, I. R. Mangangka, and A. T. Mandegi, “Analisis Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca Dari Sektor Sampah Menggunakan Metode IPCC di Kecamatan Wanea Kota Manado,” Tekno, vol. 23, 2025.
2. B. Singh, J. P. Singh, A. Kaur, and N. Singh, “Phenolic composition, antioxidant potential and health benefits of citrus peel,” Jun. 01, 2020, Elsevier Ltd. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109114 .
3. Z. Li et al., “Effects of different agricultural organic wastes on soil GHG emissions: During a 4-year field measurement in the North China Plain,” Waste Management, vol. 81, pp. 202–210, Nov. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.10.008 .
4. S. Hindun, T. Rusdiana, M. Abdasah, and R. Hindritiani, “Potensi Limbah Kulit Jeruk Nipis (Citrus auronfolia) Sebagai Inhibitor Tirpsinase,” Jun. 2017.
5. D. Nurlita, M. Chatri, B. Alhusaeri Siregar, D. Handayani, and Irdawati, “Flavonoid, Alkaloid, dan Terpenoid : Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder dari Tumbuhan dan Peranannya Terhadap Perlindungan Tanaman dari Penyakit,” 2024.
6. Y. Yana et al., “Pengaruh Lama Perendaman Terhadap Rendeman Pada Pembuatan Minyak Atsiri Dari Limbah Kulit Buah Jeruk Manis (Citrus sinensis),” Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vokasional, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 79–85, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.46964/jimsi.v4i2.1232 .
7. A. Noviyanty, C. Anggriani Salingkat, and Syamsiar, “Pengaruh Waktu Ekstraksi Terhadap Total Fenolat dan Nilai IC50 Dari Ekstraksi Kulit Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus),” Jurnal Pengolahan Pangan, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 45–50, 2019.
8. S. Mujdalipah, L. Brilianty, L. Yosita, and Mardiani, “Pengaruh Konsentrasi Pelarut Pada Proses Ekstraksi Minyak Atsiri dan Jenis Kulit Lemon Lokal (Citrus limon (L.) Burm.f.) Terhadap Rendeman Minyak Atsiri dan Karakteristik Sensori Sabun Cair,” Edufortech, 2020, (Online). Available: http://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/edufortechhttp://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/edufortech
9. K. Khotimah, Rahmawati, and Mukarlina, “Aktifitas Antifungi Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Jeruk Siam Terhadap Phytophthora sp. Im5 dari Pangkal Batang Tanaman Jeruk Siam (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa),” Pontianak, 2017.
10. A. Mursiany, R. Olivia Umboro, and T. Dian Anggraini, “Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total Infusa Rambut Jagung Manis (Zea mays Saccharata Sturt) Menggunakan Spektrofotometri UV-VIS Secara Kalorimetri,” Jurnal Locus : Penelitian dan Pengabdian, vol. 2, no. 12, pp. 1191–1200, Jan. 2024, doi: 10.58344/locus.v2i12.2354.
11. Q. Wasilah and P. Hermien Suharti, “Pengaruh Lama Maserasi Kulit Jeruk Nipis Terhadap Antiseptik Pada Pembuatan Hand Sanitizer Gel,” Jurnal Teknologi Separasi, vol. 2022, no. 4, pp. 685–694, Dec. 2022, (Online). Available: http://distilat.polinema.ac.id
12. C. Setyabudi, S. Tanda, W. I. Santosa, and F. E. Soetaredjo, “Studi In Vitro Ekstrak Kulit Jeruk Purut Untu Aplikasi Terapi Diabetes Melitus,” Jurnal Ilmiah Widya Teknik, vol. 14, May 2015.
13. A. Yulianingtyas and B. Kusmartono, “Optimasi Volume Pelarut dan Waktu Maserasi Pengambilan Flavonoid Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.),” Yogyakarta, Apr. 2016.
14. D. Aprida Asendy, I. Wayan Rai Widarta, and K. Ayu Nocianitri, “Pengaruh Waktu Maserasi Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Kulit Buah Jeruk Lemon (Citrus limon),” Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 102–109, Oct. 2018.
15. Ni Putu, A. S. (2026). Perbandingan Metode Ekstraksi terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Etanol 96% Daun Dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora L.) secara In-Vitro.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Erina Endah Kusuma Wardani, Daning Kinanti Sutama, Fenni Suryanti, Kalimatul Khariro
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Please find the rights and licenses in Jurnal EnviScience (Environment Science). By submitting the article/manuscript of the article, the author(s) agree with this policy. No specific document sign-off is required.
1. License
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
2. Author(s)' Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
3. User/Public Rights
Jurnal EnviScience's spirit is to disseminate articles published are as free as possible. Under the Creative Commons license, Jurnal EnviScience permits users to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work for non-commercial purposes only. Users will also need to attribute authors and Jurnal EnviScience on distributing works in the journal and other media of publications. Unless otherwise stated, the authors are public entities as soon as their articles got published.
4. Rights of Authors
Authors retain all their rights to the published works, such as (but not limited to) the following rights;
Copyright and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
The right to use the substance of the article in own future works, including lectures and books,
The right to reproduce the article for its own purposes,
The right to self-archive the article (please read out deposit policy),
The right to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the article's published version (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal (Jurnal EnviScience).
5. Co-Authorship
If the article was jointly prepared by more than one author, any authors submitting the manuscript warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to be agreed on this copyright and license notice (agreement) on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this policy. Jurnal EnviScience will not be held liable for anything that may arise due to the author(s) internal dispute. Jurnal EnviScience will only communicate with the corresponding author.
6. Royalties
Being an open accessed journal and disseminating articles for free under the Creative Commons license term mentioned, author(s) aware that Jurnal EnviScience entitles the author(s) to no royalties or other fees.
7. Miscellaneous
Jurnal EnviScience will publish the article (or have it published) in the journal if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed. Jurnal EnviScience's editors may modify the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization, referencing and usage that deems appropriate. The author acknowledges that the article may be published so that it will be publicly accessible and such access will be free of charge for the readers as mentioned in point 3.
