Ekstraksi Xilan dan Delignifikasi Bagas (Limbah Pabrik Gula)

Authors

  • Gading Wilda Aniriani

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30736/1ijev.v1iss1.52

Abstract

Limbah ampas tebu (bagas) pabrik gula biasanya digunakan sebagai bahan bakar (ketel) dalam  proses pemanasan,  sisanya  sengaja  ditiimbun  dan  membusuk  sehingga  mengeluarkan  air  lindi  (seperti  molase)  yang  berbau tidak sedap. Pemanfaatan untuk pakan ternak maupun pupuk kompos memang masih dinilai memiliki nilai  ekonomi  yang  kecil.  Oleh  karena  itu  dibutuhkan  pengolahan  yang  memiliki  nilai  produk  jual  yang tinggi  dan  teknologi yang tepat guna. Teknologi yang dapat mengurangi volume limbah untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan  dasar  industri  lain  merupakan  sebuah  sistem  ekoindustri.  Bagas  tergolong  jenis  limbah  lignuselulosa,  dimana  kandungan selulosa secara alami diikat oleh hemiselulosa (xilan) dan dilindungi oleh lignin, oleh karena itu disebut  dengan lignoselulosa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pretreatmen bagas dengan menghilangkan lignin dan  mengekstraksi  xilan.  Produk  yang  dihasilkan  merupakan  jenis  polisakarida,  dimana  dapat  dimanfaatkan  sebagai  substrat  enzim  untuk  proses  pembuatan  bioetanol,  prebiotik,  probiotik  dan  lain  sebagainya.  Proses  pretreatmen  bagas  meliputi  delignifikasi  menggunakan  sodium  hipoklorit  (NaOCl)  1%  dan  ekstraksi  xilan  menggunakan metode alkalin (NaOH 15%) sebagai pelarut. Hasil ekstraksi xilan dari bagas diperoleh 9,9% xilan  dari  bagas  dan  setelah  pemurnian  diperoleh  3,4  %  xilan  larut.  Setiap  melalui  tahapan  pretreatment  terjadi  pengurangan berat bagas dari 1000 g menjadi 34 g pada akhir pemurnian xilan. Rendemen bagas hasil delignifikasi  sebanyak 704,74 g (29,74 %), dengan rendemen ekstraksi sebanyak 98,80 g xilan (9,9 %) dan setelah purifikasi  didapatkan 3,4 % xilan murni.

Keywords: bagas, delignifikasi, ekstraksi, xilan, ekoindustri

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Published

2018-10-13

How to Cite

Aniriani, G. W. (2018). Ekstraksi Xilan dan Delignifikasi Bagas (Limbah Pabrik Gula). Jurnal EnviScience (Environment Science), 1(1). https://doi.org/10.30736/1ijev.v1iss1.52

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 1 (2017): Increasing Environment Health Quality as our First Step to Fight Climate Change

Section

Artikel

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